THE RELATIONSHIP OF SPIRITUALITY AND DEPRESSION ON THE SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF JAMAICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS IN JAMAICA

Abstract Spiritual is an integral component of one’s well-being and can serve as a barrier to our wellness as well as a protective factor from ill health. Spirituality helps one to make meaning of life’s circumstances and can be an intrinsic motivator helping to regain balance in our world. This study examined the relationship between spirituality, depression, and subjective well-being in 214 students enrolled in teachers’ colleges in Jamaica. Researchers (Campbell, Roberti, Maynard & Emmanuel, 2009; Kameel & Kamal, 2011; Lipps, Lowe & Gibbons, 2004; Lowe, Lipps & Young, 2009) have documented depression as an issue for college students in Jamaica; however, studies have not yet included students enrolled in teachers’ colleges. Additionally, there is scant research on spirituality and well-being in the Caribbean. This current study tested the extent to which spirituality moderated the relationship between self-reported depression on subjective well-being while controlling for demographic variables like year in college, denomination, and age. The study also tested whether spirituality mediated the relationship between self-reported depression and subjective well-being. All data were collected with self-report measures at a single point in time from a sample of college students. The results of the study supported that there was a significant relationship between depression and spiritual well-being and, between depression and subjective well-being. High levels of depression were related to increase spirituality and depression was found to be significantly related to subjective well-being. The mediation hypothesis was partially supported and the moderation hypothesis was not supported in this study. This study has both practice implication for college counselors to intentionally address spirituality in counseling, and for administrators to include sessions on spiritual exploration and development in the teacher education curriculum

Are we Bridging the Divide in IWO Psychology?

This paper examines the knowledge transfer process within the profession of work and organisational psychology. In consonance with the theme of the 2011 congress, it considers the extent to which proposed ‘bridging mechanisms’ can provide useful vehicles for operationalising the pursuit of the dual goal of improving both the well-being of individuals and the effectiveness of work organizations. It considers the way in which the profession attempts to ground its concepts in a sound evidence base and then successfully mobilise this knowledge at the interface of research and practice. It does so by critically examining the scientist-practitioner model and the ways in which this model can be operationalised by practitioners and researchers. The criticism which is aimed at academics is that their research is irrelevant; it explores narrow concepts too often with student samples. Practitioners, on the other hand, are accused of too infrequently bringing scientific findings from the research literature to their practice. The problem has been cast in terms of both one of knowledge production and also knowledge transfer and is typified, at least in one direction – the impact of research upon practice, by what has in other professions, most notably medicine and more recently management, been called evidence-based practice. Denise Rousseau, in her 2005 presidential address to the American Academy of Management defined evidence-based management (EBM) as “translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practices” and there have been a number of attempts to invoke a similar model of evidence-based practice in the field of work and organisational psychology. In 2007 Anderson described the academic-practitioner divide as ‘natural’, suggesting the way forward was to focus on ‘bridging mechanisms’ describing six which had been proposed at the 1995 SIOP conference. What is the situation over decade later? To what extent have these bridges been built? This paper explores the nature and extent of these bridges by presenting case studies and findings from a UK survey of IWO psychologists

Nanomechanical displacement detection using coherent transport in ordered and disordered graphene nanoribbon resonators

Graphene nanoribbons provide an opportunity to integrate phase-coherent transport phenomena with nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Due to the strain induced by a deflection in a graphene nanoribbon resonator, coherent electron transport and mechanical deformations couple. As the electrons in graphene have a Fermi wavelength \lambda ~ a_0 = 1.4 {\AA}, this coupling can be used for sensitive displacement detection in both armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbon NEMS. Here it is shown that for ordered as well as disordered ribbon systems of length L, a strain \epsilon ~ (w/L)^2 due to a deflection w leads to a relative change in conductance \delta G/G ~ (w^2/a_0L).Comment: 4 Pages, 4 figure

Clathrin promotes incorporation of cargo into coated pits by activation of the AP2 adaptor mu 2 kinase

Endocytic cargo such as the transferrin receptor is incorporated into clathrin-coated pits by associating, via tyrosine-based motifs, with the AP2 complex. Cargo-AP2 interactions occur via the mu2 subunit of AP2, which needs to be phosphorylated for endocytosis to occur. The most likely role for mu2 phosphorylation is in cargo recruitment because mu2 phosphorylation enhances its binding to internalization motifs. Here, we investigate the control of mu2 phosphorylation. We identify clathrin as a specific activator of the mu2 kinase and, in permeabilized cells, we show that ligand sequestration, driven by exogenous clathrin, results in elevated levels of mu2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, we show that AP2 containing phospho-mu2 is mainly associated with assembled clathrin in vivo, and that the level of phospho-mu2 is strongly reduced in a chicken B cell line depleted of clathrin heavy chain. Our results imply a central role for clathrin in the regulation of cargo selection via the modulation of phospho-mu2 levels

Correlation of mechanical factors and gallbladder pain

Acalculous biliary pain occurs in patients with no gallstones, but is similar to that experienced by patients with gallstones. Surgical removal of the gallbladder (GB) in these patients is only successful in providing relief of symptoms to about half of those operated on, so a reliable pain-prediction model is needed. In this paper, a mechanical model is developed for the human biliary system during the emptying phase, based on a clinical test in which GB volume changes are measured in response to a standard stimulus and a recorded pain profile. The model can describe the bile emptying behaviour, the flow resistance in the biliary ducts, the peak total stress, including the passive and active stresses experienced by the GB during emptying. This model is used to explore the potential link between GB pain and mechanical factors. It is found that the peak total normal stress may be used as an effective pain indicator for GB pain. When this model is applied to clinical data of volume changes due to Cholecystokinin stimulation and pain from 37 patients, it shows a promising success rate of 88.2% in positive pain prediction

Melting temperature of screened Wigner crystal on helium films by molecular dynamics

Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we have calculated the melting temperature of two-dimensional electron systems on $240$\AA-$500$\AA helium films supported by substrates of dielectric constants $\epsilon_{s}=2.2-11.9$ at areal densities $n$ varying from $3\times 10^{9}$ cm$^{-2}$ to $1.3\times 10^{10}$ cm$^{-2}$. Our results are in good agreement with the available theoretical and experimental results.Comment: 4 pages and 4 figure

Fully Analyzing an Algebraic Polya Urn Model

This paper introduces and analyzes a particular class of Polya urns: balls are of two colors, can only be added (the urns are said to be additive) and at every step the same constant number of balls is added, thus only the color compositions varies (the urns are said to be balanced). These properties make this class of urns ideally suited for analysis from an "analytic combinatorics" point-of-view, following in the footsteps of Flajolet-Dumas-Puyhaubert, 2006. Through an algebraic generating function to which we apply a multiple coalescing saddle-point method, we are able to give precise asymptotic results for the probability distribution of the composition of the urn, as well as local limit law and large deviation bounds.Comment: LATIN 2012, Arequipa : Peru (2012

Electromagnetics from a quasistatic perspective

Quasistatics is introduced so that it fits smoothly into the standard textbook presentation of electrodynamics. The usual path from statics to general electrodynamics is rather short and surprisingly simple. A closer look reveals however that it is not without confusing issues as has been illustrated by many contributions to this Journal. Quasistatic theory is conceptually useful by providing an intermediate level in between statics and the full set of Maxwell's equations. Quasistatics is easier than general electrodynamics and in some ways more similar to statics. It is however, in terms of interesting physics and important applications, far richer than statics. Quasistatics is much used in electromagnetic modeling, an activity that today is possible on a PC and which also has great pedagogical potential. The use of electromagnetic simulations in teaching gives additional support for the importance of quasistatics. This activity may also motivate some change of focus in the presentation of basic electrodynamics

TAG1 regulates the endocytic trafficking and signaling of the semaphorin3A receptor complex.

Endocytic trafficking of membrane proteins is essential for neuronal structure and function. We show that Transient Axonal Glycoprotein 1 (TAG1 or CNTN2), a contactin-related adhesion molecule, plays a central role in the differential trafficking of components of the semaphorin3A (Sema3A) receptor complex into distinct endosomal compartments in murine spinal sensory neuron growth cones. The semaphorin3A receptor is composed of Neuropilin1 (NRP1), PlexinA4, and L1, with NRP1 being the ligand-binding component. TAG1 interacts with NRP1, causing a change in its association with L1 in the Sema3A response such that L1 is lost from the complex following Sema3A binding. Initially, however, L1 and NRP1 endocytose together and only become separated intracellularly, with NRP1 becoming associated with endosomes enriched in lipid rafts and colocalizing with TAG1 and PlexinA4. When TAG1 is missing, NRP1 and L1 fail to separate and NRP1 does not become raft associated; colocalization with PlexinA4 is reduced and Plexin signaling is not initiated. These observations identify a novel role for TAG1 in modulating the intracellular sorting of signaling receptor complexes